The+Gettysburg+Address



The Gettysburg Address

After Sept. 11

Handout!

=By: Anne R. & Sara F.=

=Background=

The **Gettysburg Address** is the most famous speech of U.S President Abraham Lincoln and one of the most quoted speeches in United States History. It was delivered at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on November 19, 1863, during the American Civil War, four and a half months after the Battle of Gettysburg.

It all started on that fateful morning of September 11, 2001, when nineteen terrorist associated with al-Qaeda (which is the name given to an international alliance of revolutionary Islamist organizations established in 1988 by Osama bin Laden) hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners. Each group of hijackers had included a trained pilot who crashed the airplanes (United Airlines Flight 175 and American Airlines Flight 11) into the World Trade Center in New York City, in which causing the World Trade Center to collapse killing the people inside the buildings and the airplanes as well.
 * September 11, 2001**

[|Realism]
 * Broadly defined as "the faithful representation of reality" or "verisimilitude," realism is a literary technique practiced by many schools of writing. Although strictly speaking, realism is a technique, it also denotes a particular kind of subject matter, especially the representation of middle-class life. A reaction against romanticism, an interest in scientific method, the systematizing of the study of documentary history, and the influence of rational philosophy all affected the rise of realism.
 * a manner of treating subject matter that presents a careful description of everyday life, usually of the lower and middle classes.
 * a theory of writing in which the ordinary, familiar, or mundane aspects of life are represented in a straightforward or matter-of-fact manner that is presumed to reflect life as it actually is.

[|Naturalism] The term naturalism describes a type of literature that attempts to apply scientific principles of objectivity and detachment to its study of human beings. Unlike realism, which focuses on literary technique, naturalism implies a philosophical position: for naturalistic writers, since human beings are, in Emile Zola's phrase, "human beasts," characters can be studied through their relationships to their surroundings.
 * a manner or technique of treating subject matter that presents, through volume of detail, a deterministic view of human life and actions.
 * a deterministic theory of writing in which it is held that a writer should adopt an objective view toward the material written about, be free of preconceived ideas as to form and content, and represent with clinical accuracy and frankness the details of life.